Illustrations and pictures are as important as the written word in communicating ideas. Discuss.

Points to discuss for the importance of illustrations and pictures in comparison to the written word

  • consider how illustrations can communicate ideas and concepts as much as the written word can
  • explore areas where illustrations/pictures are more or less effective than the written word
  • make a judgement, based on a consideration of the evidence and argument put forward.
  • the evident pleasure children take in the illustrations in so-called ‘picture books’
  • the damage that might be done by encouraging children at an early stage to be wary of illustration
  • the richness of language used in interpreting illustrations and pictures
  • how difficult or painful ideas can be expressed in illustration
  • how the illustrations that accompany poems, stories and plays increase enjoyment and appreciation
  • interpretation of paintings demands an eye for detail and mood
  • how body language needs to be read visually and is often subject to misinterpretation
  • graphic novels, and comics, rely on the visual as well as the written to convey ideas and subject matter.

Evaluate the importance of ‘the hero/heroine’ to readers of fiction books.

Points of discussion for the importance of the hero/heroine to readers of fiction

  • consider the importance of ‘the hero’ to readers of fiction books
  • show an understanding of other appealing elements of fiction books to their readers
  • make a judgement, based on consideration of the evidence and argument put forward.
  • ‘the hero’ having ideal qualities which the fiction reader can admire and attempt to emulate
  • ‘the hero’ being engaging and likeable, so the reader is carried along with the story, caring about the outcome
  • heroic actions or characters may be lacking in the reader’s daily life, so fiction fills the gap
  • heroes of children’s literature, in particular, teaching universal moral lessons and acting as role models
  • ‘the hero’, for example in tragedy, may have a ‘fatal flaw’ and thus be fascinating, realistic and relatable
  • villains or anti-heroes being more appealing, interesting and engaging, depending on the genre or setting
  • heroes not always being fully believable, with idealised behaviour, thoughts and actions
  • other elements of fictional books may appeal to readers more.

Evaluate the effectiveness of public transport provision in your country.

Points of discussion for the effectiveness of public transport provision

  • review the current effectiveness of public transport system in their own country
  • consider the environmental and accessibility concerns involved
  • make a judgement, based on the consideration of the evidence and argument put forward.
  • the possible differences between public and private ownership of any transport systems in their own country
  • the necessity to tackle the environmental issues caused by pollution due to ineffective transport systems
  • those antiquated infrastructures are not fit for today’s travel needs
  • the use of greener alternatives to the current transport systems and their issues of cost and availability
  • safety concerns for passengers and pedestrians whilst using public transport
  • the efficient movement of people being necessary for economic purposes
  • the investment in new routes and networks to reach more remote areas
  • the reliability and availability of the transport service to different regions.