To what extent are timed examinations a fair means of assessment?

• consider the extent to which timed examinations are fair
• evaluate the effectiveness of other methods of assessment
• make a judgement, based on the consideration of the evidence and argument put forward.
• timed examinations only assess a portion of the taught content of a course
• how time restrictions limit students’ thinking and ability to develop ideas, adding unnecessary pressure
• revising and cramming means material is stored in the short-term memory
• the added value of work-based and continuous assessment showing what people can really do
• there being evidence that the focus and time pressure in examinations often yield a high standard of work
• the examination being a level playing field where everybody is in the same position and therefore it is fair
• the nature of formal examinations minimising the potential for copying or cheating
• examinations often being marked externally which is fairer than internal assessment.

Should  the  study  of literature be made compulsory in schools?

The benefits of studying literature, to individuals,  societies and the world as a whole, are recognised by those who believe that  reading literature is essential for human  flourishing  as fundamentally, it is about the  search of meaning through the  appreciation of narratives. All of mankind  tells stories  to make  sense of the  world, imagine alternatives and explore the human  condition. Study of Literature, both  as an aesthetic art form or humanities study,  is evocative and  emotive, and  through igniting  readers’ hearts and  minds,  is a powerful  medium to build empathy and critical insight into what makes  us human, themes of justice, fairness and beauty, and what better societies look like. Given its potential to yield such profound benefits, there are grounds to call for its institutionalisation in public  schools  as a mandatory subject.

The question assumes that the  study  of literature  is essential  for a  good human  life, in the  same  way the  study  of languages and  mathematics is.   Making literature a mandatory study  for all school-going children  will yield benefits to them  as they grow up, in adulthood and  by extension, contribute to better outcomes in society.

Consider this: If the  study of literature  were  to involve cultivating  an appreciation for understanding the human  condition, the skill of perspective- taking  and  the nurturing of the dispositions of empathy and  emotional maturity,  it would be then easy to argue that there are legitimate reasons to ground the recommendation. But what if we cannot elicit such understanding among students?

Are moral values absorbed through fairy tales constitute as literature and are they adequate?

Don’t neglect attention to  the  context specified  – ‘in  schools’  and  expand on  the  study  or appreciation  of literature  in  general,  failing  to  realise  that  the  question  invites  consideration  of  when  and  how countries and their involved ministries decide to made the study of a subject mandatory within public institutions like schools.