Category: Social Issues
Protected: Education is the great leveller. How far is this true?
Protected: Torture can never be justified. Do you agree?
Is immigration the only solution to the problem of ageing populations?
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Economists and politicians believe that the growing ageing population may affect areas like economic growth, health care and pension funds. Various governments have proposed that the ageing population needs to be replaced by immigrants. However, immigration also poses challenges that only add to the problem rather than solving it. Instead, the focus should be on encouraging more births, raising the retirement age and improving healthcare. These measures should be considered and adopted alongside immigration policies to tackle the issue of the ageing population.
Supporters of immigration believe that it supplements the shrinking labour force. Immigrants can help in reversing population decline and also protect countries from losing revenue generation from taxes. An example of this can be seen in the United States, where immigrants paid an estimated $328 billion in taxes, in the year 2014. This is the reason why countries like the United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Singapore and Canada welcome immigrants to supplement their ageing populations. Carefully selected immigrants that meet immigration criteria through professional qualifications and expertise are hotly canvassed by many governments around the world as they are a good replacement for an ageing population.
However, immigration can pose a series of challenges for a country. The belief that immigration is the panacea to the problem of the ageing population can be misguided. Convenient access to foreign workers does not translate to productivity. Working culture of immigrants is often not synonymous with the working culture of locals. Furthermore, immigrants not integrated within society can face issues like racism and also result in widespread xenophobia. An example of this can be seen in South Africa, where immigrant shops were attacked and people beaten because citizens feared that foreigners were taking away local jobs. In homogenous societies like Japan, hiring foreign workers has led to protests and demonstrations. Similar sentiments have been seen in the United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates and Singapore. This is because the Japanese believe that foreigners will be unable to assimilate into Japanese society and struggle with the language. All these points show that there is a need to rethink foreign immigration policies in the sense that they are beneficial to both immigrants and the locals. It is possible to make immigration a more viable solution, though it is not the only solution available.
Instead of immigrations, countries should focus on supplementing the ageing population. One method would be to encourage more births. Many countries have started implementing measures that address the root of low births. In countries like France, Finland, Norway and Sweden, governments have encouraged citizens to have more children by providing them with job security. Through family-friendly policies as well as liberal social norms like single parenthood, these countries have successfully managed to raise their fertility rates. Clearly, it is evident that boosting the fertility rate would have a far more pronounced effect on mitigating the effects of an ageing population in the long run.
There is also a need to understand that the ageing population is a boon and not a burden. Today’s ageing population lives longer than the previous generations. Medical advancements have allowed senior people to live an active and healthy life. Governments should treat the older population as an asset and with this view increase the retirement age. When the ageing population is given the freedom to work, they would feel more empowered and independent. This would also reduce the financial burden on their families who consider them a liability. By allowing senior citizens to work governments can ensure economic growth and also the well-being of the seniors. The trend of hiring older people is gaining impetus through returnship programmes offered by companies like Goldman Sachs, Bank of America, Boeing and even Starbucks. The elderly should be encouraged to work because it gives their life a purpose and also helps the society in economic terms. Therefore, instead of replacing the ageing population the focus should be to reintegrate them within the workforce.
In conclusion, immigration is not the key solution to the problem of the ageing population. Nationalistic sentiments in France and Germany have shown that immigrants eventually bear the brunt of local socioeconomic discontentment. While it can be an efficient practice, it needs to work in tandem with other factors. In the long run, it may prove beneficial to strengthen the ageing population of the country by providing them with opportunities to stay productive. Alternatives like boosting fertility rates, honing and upgrading digital skills and providing medical support to the elderly would work better in the long-run.
Mind your own business. Is this good advice?
Activists that pushed forward the notion for handling their own problem rather than being involved in other countries would argue that if one lacks the ability to even resolve their own problem, they should, mind their own business and be absent in the problem of others problems. In this case, the advice -Mind your own business – is good and understood in this essay as beneficiary actions that will not cause harm to any parties. While there exists a modicum of truth in this line of argument, irrefutable fact remains is that it is too sweeping to truly do justice to the critical role one can contribute to complicated problems such as environmental conservation and peacekeeping processes that requires efforts from different strata of the society. Hence, these activists who only judge the issue at individual level failed to see the bigger picture is at best naive and at worst fraudulent.
Confusing first two sentences.
These activists suggest that if the countries that are facing more critical problems such as poverty issues, they should shun away from participating in environmental problems. It is argued that more manpower and resources would be diverted away from assisting people in impoverishment when channelling it for environmental conservation and this could only undermine current destitution relief efforts. As seen in the Kyoto and Montreal Protocol, it is true that environmental conservation comes at a price such as improving technology equipment to reduce carbon emissions or to fit all cars with catalytic converters. Thus, these countries affected by destitution will be further strained by their participation in environmental preservation which crippled their efforts in relief efforts. Furthermore, according to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, food and shelter come first before anything, which further affirms these activists argue that poverty issues should be addressed first before environmental issues. In this sense, these activists seem to be justified in their scathing criticisms that these countries should focus more on their own problems.
Does not seem to answer the question. What are some concrete examples?
However, environment problems in nature cannot be resolved by merely just one or two parties. It requires efforts from individual. Even if these countries that face poverty problems are to be abstain from environment efforts, they should, at least, not aggravate the environmental problems. Countries stricken by impoverishment such as Indonesia and Brazil had caused haze problem and burned a large hole in the ozone layer. No doubt these countries are restrained by own poverty issues, they can still play their role in searching for the part they can contribute to alleviate environmental problem, which in this case to stop deforestation. Indeed, Indonesia worked with government leaders of the affected countries by haze problem and Brazil worked with international environmental groups which tremendously reduced related problems. Thus, it is not a good advice that their countries should mind their own business when it comes to environmental problems that requires efforts from everyone, our Mother Earth would be severely damaged if many excuse themselves from environmental conservation with that reason.
Does not answer question.
On the political sphere, the United Nations (UN) that purports to keep peace in the world was vehemently chastised for its inability to enforce peace in numerous conflicts for example in Somalia, Rwanda and Darfur. Due to its failure to address such conflicts, the UN was frowned upon by its incapability and rejected by conflicting factions to focus more on its internal problems rather intervene in their conflict. Furthermore, the International Court of Justice (ICJ), a faction under the UN also faces critical problems such as lack of enforcement of international law as seen in Nicaragua Contra case and Corfu Channel incident. All these attest to the beliefs that the UN should care lesser for international issues.
On the other hand, just by looking at the ineffective intervention of UN and conclude that the UN should then resign itself from the world is too myopic and biased. We must also assess the successful stories of UN operations and its effectiveness in addressing international law. Korean War, Congo and Persian Gulf War all demonstrate UN ability to establish peace and its vital role in stopping massacre throughout the world. Moreover, the International Court of Justice was also successful in establishing the Universal Convention Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and fairly successful in coming out with an agreement with many countries for International Law of Terrorism. Hence, we can conclude that despite the UN faces limitations in their peacekeeping efforts, they are still largely beneficial in keeping peace in the world. Refraining UN from the participation of international peacekeeping efforts by just faulting them with unsuccessful peacekeeping is overly simplistic and failed to see the overall capability of the UN. While there is no denying that the arguments brought forth by the opposition of the UN are not entirely baseless and illogical, it remains too reductionistic to avow that the UN fails its purposes all the time. Thus, the advice is not as good as if the UN totally withdrew itself from the world, the very much peace today created by the UN will be long impossible.
Furthermore, this similar concept can be applied to the role the media plays. The world has long witnessed the ubiquity of the mass media and how its innate nature permeates into our daily lives. Just like a Medusa in our midst, an apparition that mesmerizes, we cannot deny the influence of the media in shaping one’s perspectives in the issue as reported by the media, which sometimes can be rallying for a harmful cause that disrupts our current stability. This phenomenon is seen in China, Australia and Saudi Arabia where problems were drawn upon due to the contradiction of freedom of expression pushed forward by freedom fighters and censorship in media by authorities. It is argued that individuals should have the rights to express according to the Universal Declaration of Rights and therefore their voice not restrained by censorship. These freedom fighters also regard the opposing viewpoints as a means to improve the country. Only with opposition voices heard, the constitution can then adjust their policies or actions so that it creates betterment for the public as a whole. Therefore, considering the benefits of eliminating censorship could bring about, the advice that the authorities should forgo censorship and give back the full rights of expression become conceivable.
That being said, from my standpoint is that censorship cannot be totally eradicated as it is required to prevent insensitive voices that may incite physical conflicts. As seen in the insensitive Danish publish of satirical cartoons of Allah, it incited waves of religious hatred and discontentment of many Muslims. As a result, numerous serious protests and riots were initiated by the Muslims, which threatened the peace and stability of society. Also, there is a similar example such as the Maria Hertogh riots in Singapore where the media incited clashes between the Chinese and the Malays. Thus, according to the utility principle, censorship became necessary in preventing inconsiderate comments that may incite religious conflicts and threatened the peace of the society. Therefore, it should be abundantly clear that the advice that the authorities should not spend efforts to censor became not acceptable as they did it for the national security of the state and not because they do it for pleasure.
Based on the constellations of the above arguments, the general consensus is that mind your business is not good advice since it does not alleviate the situation any much better. While I must concede that in certain cases, the advice is arguably correct due to the ‘harm’ it may bring about, essentially, it boils down to a matter of choice, not between good and evil, but between good and evil, both of which are potentially deleterious, yet one is indubitably more inimical than the other. Faced with such a choice, it would certainly serve us well to refuse the advice as a necessary evil that can benefit us tremendously rather than look down on it with sheer contempt.
Somewhat confusing what you are trying to say.
The question is wide and far reaching. You can take the following positions:
- Social – should one group intervene in issues that plague another group. A good example is the AWARE saga in Singapore.
What about issues of domestic violence/abuse? Should we report?
- Media – its effects and how it should be stopped from influencing the general public…When you say, “Medusa in our midst…” you want to cite examples that show that media does in fact
What about sales of pornography or contraband? Should we report?
- Political atrocities – eg intervention during crises – This you have discussed quite well.
- Environmental – you attempted to draw attention to the issue, but you did not do a good job of it. You need to show why environmental issues in one country can affect another – hence minding one’s own business is not the way to go!
The question is wide and far reaching. You can take the following positions:
This question also deals with privacy issues. Not having dealt with any privacy issues, it will fall short of a passing grade.
Is divorce a social evil?
Divorce is the formal separation between the husband and the wife, releasing them from the responsibility of marriage. The most common causes of divorce are infidelity, financial constraints, incompatibility, and communication breakdown within the marriage. With divorce cases on the rise (Singapore: 2313 in 1983 to 7561 in 2018), it seems that divorce has become a social norm and society is more accepting towards such alternative family arrangements (53% of Singaporeans under the age of 30 find divorce acceptable). However, it does not necessarily posit that divorce is morally acceptable and good. Broken families are a host of many social problems such as juvenile delinquency, depression etc. [Avoid using etc. Give the full example] Divorce diminishes the value of marriage and its sacredness. Indeed, divorce is a social evil and a nemesis to society.
Studies have shown that divorce occurs most likely after 7 years of marriage, often known as the seven-year itch and within the first 10 years of marriage. If there are children in the family, they are most likely below the age of 10 and divorce is a cruel process for any child to experience, especially at such a young age. The disillusionment of once a loving, happy family is now on the brink of destruction inflicts great emotional distress beyond what they can handle. The loss of one parent can be a memory-haunting experience of which leaving the child to be constantly living in fear and insecurity that the parent in custody may leave them as well. All of these accumulated negative psychological and mental effects can birth forth manifold social problems. A recent U.S. study has shown that children of divorced parents are significantly more likely to be delinquent by the age of 15, than children whose own parents are married. In addition, the ill effects of a divorce may manifest on to the next generation. For instance, college students from divorced families use violence more frequently to resolve conflict. In their own marriages, children of divorced parents have a greater tendency to be unhappy and escalate in to conflicts.
Although divorce gives rise to a host of the social problem of its own, a modicum of truth is that there are circumstances where divorce would provide a better solution. If staying in the marriage breeds greater conflict and disharmony within the family, it would be better off for the parents to go in their separate ways and provide a more conducive environment (one that is of less violence) for the welfare of the child. In the event that the children are subjected to child abuse from an abusive parent, it would be an appreciable menace to initiate divorce for the good and safety of the child.
Divorce provides an escape clause for an irresponsible and uncommitted partner to shriek away from their roles and responsibilities. As such, it diminishes the value and importance of marriage. Marriage is both a union based on love and a practical partnership. Divorce perpetuates the erroneous mindset that it is the solution to a rocky marriage. Married couples fail to take the effort and time or have not done enough to salvage the marriage since divorce would be an easy way out them. Back in a time where divorce is taboo, there are no other alternatives but to stay in a marriage. Hence, marriage is seen sacred and utmost importance as it is likened to a life sentence
Ultimately, divorce is undesirable in the society as its impacts are manifold the negative consequences it brews pass on from one generation to the other. To ensure that the right to divorce is not abused, it will entail nothing less than a change in our mindset towards the idea of marriage and divorce. The government can play a part by providing marriage counselling for the married-to-be and strengthen current marriage support networks and organization so that in times of trouble, the society can be pillar support for them.
Nobody has the right to pull the plug on someone’s life.
From a religious perspective, life is given to us by God and that nobody can have the right to take away our lives except for God. However, in today’s society, taking away of other’s life are is still seen. They come in forms like capital punishment, murder cases, suicide and euthanasia. I feel that taking someone’s life is morally incorrect as we do not have the right to pull the plug on someone’s life. Also, I feel that God is the only one that can take away life because he is the one who created us.
Euthanasia is the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma. In short, it means legal suicide. Normally, In countries where it is legal, doctors used to adopt this method to relieve the pain of the patients by putting them to “sleep”. However, this is abused by some family members who are greedy. For example, they may bribe the doctor into using euthanasia so that the family members can inherit the patient’s properties or wealth. Although euthanasia is legal, I believe that the taking of life should not be done by others but by God himself. However, this is from a religious stand point. From a legal stand point, let’s take Dignitas as an example. Dignitas is an organization located in Switzerland, that ends the life of people with assisted dying organization that helps those with a terminal illness and severe mental illness to die assisted by qualified doctors. In addition, they provide assisted death to people provided they are of sound judgment and submit to an in-depth medical report prepared by a psychiatrist that establishes the patients’ condition, as required by Swiss Courts. This form of euthanasia is legally correct. However, in some cases, euthanasia is not legally correct too. Jack Kevorkian, commonly known as “Doctor Death” was a euthanasia activist. He was arrested and tried for his direct row involvement in a case of voluntary euthanasia.
In addition, the Government also plays a part in pulling the plug of others life. The death of serious offenders are presumed to be correct, however, criminals are still humans and they deserve equal rights as we do. Deontology is an ethical position that judges the morality of an action based on the action’s adherence to a rule or rules. Utilitarianism is a theory in normative ethics holding that the proper course of action is one that maximizes utility, specifically defined as maximizing happiness and reducing suffering. This can be contrasted with deontological ethics. Although the role of the government is to protect its citizens, taking the life of a human should be deemed wrong. Philosophy concept like deontology forbids the taking of life, promoting that we should all act on a strong moral compass.
Last of all, Vigilante. In some cases “vigilante justice” is rationalized by the idea that adequate legal mechanisms for criminal punishment are either nonexistent or insufficient. Vigilantes typically see government as ineffective in enforcing the law, and such individuals often presume to justify their actions as fulfilment of the wishes of “the community”.Persons alleged to be “escaping the law” or “above the law” are sometimes the victims of vigilantism. Although doctors can play a role in easing the pain of a patient, and in other instances, the government can keep the peace and offer retribution to its citizens by capital punishment, in practical and moral points of view In conclusion, nobody has the right to pull the plug of someone else life because it goes against religious doctrine.
‘The media is guilty of misguiding’. To what extent is this true?
The media can be said to play an important role in contemporary society. It is present everywhere from traditional media such as television or newspapers to new media such as social networking sites like Facebook or Twitter. In my opinion, the media is guilty to a large extent of misguiding with regards to negatively influencing the mindsets of individuals in the aspects of race, politics and education.
Media can cause conflict through inflammatory remarks and deepen racial divides. For example, in 1964, the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) a political party in Malaysia., utilised the local Malay newspaper, Utasan Malayu to incept anti-racial thoughts into Malays, particularly through the dissemination of rumours that Malays in Singapore were ill-treated by other races and the People’s Action Party. This led to racial riots across the Causeway in both Singapore and Malaysia leading to heavy casualties. Hence, conflict can arise from untrue generalisations through the use of media in which anti-racial sentiments is brought up. These may then be sensationalised by the Media which may intensify anti-racial thoughts. This is largely indicative of how the media is guilty of misguiding in displaying anti-racial rhetoric which can cause different races to turn against one another.
[you only cited one example – you have to address it quickly if this is an anomaly or something that occurs regularly]
Media may also be extremely biased especially when it is state-controlled in which false claims are published. For example, at in a national North Korean state-sponsored website, it was cited that close to 99% of North Koreans voted in a national poll for the ruling party in ‘free and fair’ elections. This is obviously untrue and is published probably to deceive the international community as well as North Koreans that North Korea’s leadership is well received and is in a stable position so as to consolidate power. Hence this shows how the state, or in this case, the leadership of the state may utilise the media to further their own agendas thus proving how media may be extremely biased towards a state or in this case, leadership of a state. Thus, it largely indicates how the media is guilty of misguiding through the deception of the common masses especially by state-controlled media in which may result in manipulation of the people to reach its objectives.
[why is the above point on North Korean elections viewed with trepidation? Why can one NOT believe that is said in the N/Korean press?]
Media can also negatively influence individuals through popular portrayals which may result in undesired social consequences. For example, the Success Tech Academy shooting in which resulted in the death of students believed to be caused by bullying and social trauma. Although it is undeniable that the social pressure exerted on the shooter by the bully may have largely compelled him, however, the Media may also have played a role in this unfortunate accident. Through popular violent portrayals in mediums such as television, teenagers may become negatively influenced and misled into thinking that violence was justifiable under various circumstances and that human life has little value. Had there not been popular violent portrayals, the perpetrator might have to think twice about taking a human life thus it may have inadvertently caused the shooting to occur. Hence, this shows how the media may exert negative influence onto individuals, instilling the wrong set of values thus misguiding individuals into heinous acts as such.
However, some may argue that media can also help in edifying individuals particularly through the rise of various platforms. For example, e-learning implemented by schools worldwide can help students to learn through the internet with the use of multiple interactive websites. Online learning can also provide a plethora of resources through numerous websites which may contain a surfeit of useful information. This can help students to gather more information in regards to a particular field of study and conduct research more effectively. Thus, this shows how the media is not only not guilty of misguiding but is in fact useful in guiding students particularly in education for example, in aiding with research and providing more information in which students can learn and understand better. Although this may be true, however, advocates of this claim have failed to realise that these platforms can at the same time, be guilty of misguiding individuals (in this case students). For example, although the use of interactive websites may be useful for learning, however, these websites may also be biased and provide false information. Eg? Students, being unequipped with prior expertise, may fail to realise that they may be in fact absorbing wrong facts and may lead to grave misconceptions. Thus, although interactive media can aid in learning, however, it has limitations and is still largely guilty of misguiding particularly through wrong facts and may thus obscure understanding and application of learning concepts.
On the other hand, detractors may also argue that Media can help to provide fast and accurate news through eyewitness accounts with the rise of citizen journalism. This can be done through social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter. An example of this would be the recent General Elections in Singapore where the latest news was constantly updated in various social websites as well as blogs and video blogs (vlogs). By providing up to date news through eyewitness accounts, more information can be provided. Hence, the media is not guilty of misguiding but can, in fact, guide individuals into better decision making with more information provided. While I agree this is true, however citizen journalism can also be laden with inaccuracies as well as bias. For example, people may not report their findings objectively and may, in fact, report things from one party’s point of view to get others to see things in his/her perspective. Eg? In addition, the news reported in various sites, especially social networking sites may be filled with inaccuracies as people may attempt to sensationalise a piece of news to cause greater impression or even garner a greater commotion. Eg? Thus, although the media may in some cases guide individuals by providing more information through citizen journalism, however, it is still largely guilty of misguiding individuals due to bias as well as inaccuracies.
In conclusion, I feel that the Media is largely guilty of misguiding by creating false impressions and misleading untruths. This misguidance may have broader implications in an increasingly wired society which is dependent on media particularly new media. With the rise of new media, ever greater complex issues will begin to surface with the examples of cyber-bullying and shootings such as that of the Californian shootings. (which one?)_ It may well be up to individuals to discern information and extricate themselves from the misguidance media may bring.
Hi Alan.
An interesting essay, but you’ve not seen the big picture. Your counter-arguments are non-existent, and the balance is too short and not in-depth.
C: 14/30 L: 12/20