There should be no limits to a country’s surveillance of its citizens. Discuss.

Possible points for limits to a country’s surveillance of its citizens

  • explore the extent to which a country uses surveillance to observe its citizens
  • evaluate whether there should be limits on a country’s surveillance
  • make a judgement, based on the consideration of the evidence and argument put forward.
  • how surveillance is used to monitor people without their knowledge or approval
  • the moral implications of using spyware and other hidden software on devices
  • how the use of CCTV is ensuring the safety of a country’s citizens whilst removing privacy
  • the increasing use of fingerprint and facial recognition devices and their benefits and dangers
  • how companies are using data to profile and target us without our consent
  • the use of National Identity cards and the likely disenfranchisement of some citizens
  • the increasing use of listening devices and Smart items in everyday life
  • how increasing surveillance has helped law enforcement agencies to protect people.

To what extent is it necessary to reduce the number of vehicles on the roads of your country?

Possible points for discussing the necessity to reduce the number of vehicles

  • assess the number of vehicles on the roads
  • evaluate the extent to which it is necessary to reduce the number of vehicles
  • make a judgement, based on considering the evidence and argument put forward.
  • the need to reduce pollution and noise, especially in cities and towns
  • the negative impact of reducing the number of vehicles in terms of taxes,
  • jobs and technological developments
  • the constant need to replace road surfaces due to the number of cars
  • the need to create a safer environment for pedestrians, cyclists and commuters
  • the commercial benefits of pedestrianised zones might include access for supplies and people
  • reducing the number of cars being bought would have a negative economic impact
  • many jobs in the manufacturing industry are linked to the number of cars bought each year
  • improvements in urban infrastructure are often due to increased car usage.

Using a telephone is the best way of communicating. To what extent do you agree?

Discover the benefits and drawbacks of using a telephone for communication.

  • examine the benefits of using the telephone to communicate
  • evaluate the comparative advantages of other communication methods
  • make a judgement, based on considering the evidence and argument put forward.
  • communicating on the telephone or in-person encourages oral skills, fluency, and self-confidence
  • calls taking place in real-time with instant reaction and response
  • using text messages when travelling, therefore avoiding disturbing other people with conversation
  • enhanced phone technology allowing video messages and a range of other effective methods of communication
  • verbal communication offering less opportunity for being misunderstood
  • face-to-face contact allowing parties to experience emotional reactions
  • how shy and introverted people can communicate more readily than they would in live conversation
  • in-person communication is more personal and effective as humans are social beings.

Is complete self-sufficiency  in countries ever  possible?

The notion  of complete self-sufficiency was often seen  as a myth within the modern world as the contemporary developments of globalisation reveal  the  hyper-connected world we live in today, where  countries are succumbed to  the  interdependent  nature of the  global  economy. It  is not  surprising  to  see  that  countries across  the  world are increasingly dependent on one  another for their resources and  this is also regarded as the   norm   and   trait  of  today’s  world.  However,   issues   such  as  growing  demand and   potential  import disruptions  have  surfaced  recently,  with the  notable  COVID-19  pandemic threatening many  global  supply chains  and  affecting the  sufficiency and  sustainability of resources within nations. This raises  the  question if countries should  be pursuing complete self-sufficiency to minimise the threats from the external environment and to be able to maintain  itself without  outside aid or intervention. Even though some nations have pursued self-sufficiency to some degree and  have adopted incremental progress over the past  decade to provide for their own needs, in practice, self-sufficiency is arguably still viewed to be a relative concept along  a continuum that  is highly dependent on the global  climate.  This question raises the debate if complete self-sufficiency is even possible given the interdependent nature of our global  economy today. Is there any interests or benefits to aim for complete self-dependency in countries? What  are  the  factors  that  may influence, shape or limit such possibilities?

Governments should be responsible for funding a nation’s performing arts. Discuss.

• explore why a governments should be responsible to fund its nation’s performing arts
• explore the reasons why other sources should fund a nation’s performing arts
• make a judgement, based on the consideration of the evidence and argument put forward that governments should be responsible for funding.
• providing well-equipped venues for performances that would otherwise be unavailable
• ensuring that appropriate funds are allocated to different ventures
• funding would enable performances to go on tour to other areas
• such measures being a source of national pride, encouraging the continuance of national culture
the high cost of some performances might deflect funding from other important areas
• government funding might make attendance within reach of the less
wealthy
• niche performances can still go ahead even if audience numbers are lower
• a prestigious project could attract other investment and visitors to the country.

To what extent are timed examinations a fair means of assessment?

• consider the extent to which timed examinations are fair
• evaluate the effectiveness of other methods of assessment
• make a judgement, based on the consideration of the evidence and argument put forward.
• timed examinations only assess a portion of the taught content of a course
• how time restrictions limit students’ thinking and ability to develop ideas, adding unnecessary pressure
• revising and cramming means material is stored in the short-term memory
• the added value of work-based and continuous assessment showing what people can really do
• there being evidence that the focus and time pressure in examinations often yield a high standard of work
• the examination being a level playing field where everybody is in the same position and therefore it is fair
• the nature of formal examinations minimising the potential for copying or cheating
• examinations often being marked externally which is fairer than internal assessment.

Consider the  view that  more scientists than  artists  are needed in the  world today.

This essay explores the comparative usefulness of scientists and artists in the modern world. Knowing that the world today  depends heavily on the use of technology for survival, it is not surprising that  scientists are seen to  be  more  useful.  Artists are  considered  to  be  inconsequential to  the  overall  survival of societies as their usefulness is often  to abstract to be understood by the laypeople.

It is important  to  compare and  contrast between the  functions  and  purposes of scientists  versus artists  based on the  modern world contexts. The comparisons must be based on recognised criteria. Ensure that   the   comparison  is  within characteristics of the modern world.

‘As countries pursue development, heritage sites  are  losing their relevance.’ How far do  you agree?

Infrastructure development within a country will inevitably  will result  in some sacrifices  be  made. This question arises  from the  idea progress should   not  be  held  back  by  history.  Some  heritage  sites  carry  significant  cultural  and  historic symbolism for the community. However,  when countries have  to balance between progress and  history, it is often  inevitable  that  such  heritage sites  are  losing relevance to  make  way for  future  development. When  such heritage sites  are removed, the fear is that  the memories and  identity  of the community will be  lost.

Demonstrate that  heritage sites  are  losing  their  relevance based on their understanding regarding the pressures and demands that come from nations’ pursuit  of economic, social and political  developments. Evaluate  if the  functions  and  purposes of  heritage  sites continue to keep  their significance while nations develop.

There are no great leaders in the world today. Discuss.

• consider what makes a great leader
• explore a range of great leaders in the world from all areas of life
• make a judgement, based on the consideration of the evidence and argument put forward.
• leaders that have brought their country through war, famine or other significant difficulties
• corrupt leaders, often lauded, diminishing the greatness of a country
• economic success being ascribed to great leadership and other factors
• great leaders in the world offering moral, ethical and spiritual leadership in a range of roles
• the many occasions when the really ‘great’ leaders are marginalised
• leaders that are feared or revered and the effect they have on others and their country
• those leaders who are not in power but strive to be
• the many possible qualities and attributes a ‘great’ leader might have.

Evaluate the need for censorship in films and television.

• examine who might censor films and television and why
• consider the necessity for censorship on society and its potential impacts
• make a judgement based on the consideration of the evidence and argument put forward.
• the prevention of hate speech and subversion before it is aired
• parents limiting access to some television channels to protect their children
• the effectiveness of the ratings system used in films and music
• the exclusion of offensive and explicit scenes which may offend
• how regimes can control what the entertainment that is available to the people
• the avoidance of creating narratives that are untrue as a form of entertainment
• the management of censorship is fallible with many ways of breaching the laws
• any form of censorship being seen as the stifling of creativity and freedom.